Kerala is yet to enforce a specific law against black magic, sorcery and other occult practices, raising concerns about the dangers associated with superstition and exploitation. A recent study examining four deaths linked to occult beliefs has shown how superstition can become dangerous when combined with greed, psychological problems, family conflicts and social pressure.
The study examined four occult-related murder cases reported in Kerala between 2014 and 2022. Researchers found that these crimes were not caused by supernatural beliefs alone. Instead, several social, economic and psychological factors appeared to contribute to the violence.
One major factor identified was financial hardship and greed. People facing economic difficulties can become vulnerable to individuals who claim to have supernatural powers. In some cases, such beliefs may be exploited to make money or gain control over others.
Psychological vulnerability is another important factor. People dealing with emotional stress or mental health difficulties may be more easily influenced by those who promote supernatural explanations for their problems. Manipulation and fear can sometimes lead vulnerable individuals to make dangerous decisions.
Family disputes and social pressure can also play a role. Conflicts within families, along with pressure to follow traditional beliefs or expectations, may contribute to situations where superstition becomes a justification for harmful actions.
The research also highlights the influence of cultural beliefs. When supernatural forces are viewed as powerful or morally justified, people may be more willing to accept unusual or harmful practices. This can make it difficult for victims and their families to recognise exploitation or seek help.
The four cases therefore show that occult-related violence is a complex social problem rather than simply a matter of superstition. Economic problems, personal interests, psychological vulnerability, family tensions and cultural beliefs can interact and create conditions in which serious crimes take place.
As Kerala considers stronger legal measures against black magic and related practices, experts and authorities may also need to address the deeper causes behind such incidents. Laws can help prevent exploitation and punish offenders, but long-term prevention may require better public awareness, mental health support and protection for vulnerable people.
Reducing poverty, improving access to psychological support and challenging harmful superstitions could also help reduce the risk of similar tragedies. A combination of strong legal action, social awareness and support for vulnerable communities may be necessary to prevent occult beliefs from being used to justify violence in the future.